← Sazabi Research

Meituan (3690.HK): The Moated Super-App Burning Cash in a Price War

Meituan — Hong Kong: 3690.HK | OTC: MPNGY/MPNGF

📅 June 28, 2026 💰 ~HKD 65–80 (recent range; declining) 📊 52W Range: HKD 56 – 217 👥 Users: 770M+ transacting, 14.5M merchants
2025 Revenue
¥365B
+8.1% YoY
2025 Net Income
−¥23.4B
vs ¥35.8B profit in 2024
Food Delivery Share
~70%
China GTV market
S&M Spend
¥103B
+61% YoY
Cash & Equivalents
~¥130B
Net cash positive

1. Business Model

Meituan is China's dominant local services platform — a "super-app" for everything from lunch delivery to hotel bookings. Two reporting segments:

Segment2025 Revenue (¥B)YoY GrowthOperating Profit (¥B)Key Businesses
Core Local Commerce 260.8 +4.2% −6.9 Food delivery, in-store dining, hotel & travel, Meituan Instashopping
New Initiatives 104.0 +19.1% −10.1* Xiaoxiang Supermarket, KeeTa (overseas), Meituan Select, drone delivery, AI
Total364.9+8.1%−17.0

*New Initiatives operating loss estimated from segment breakdowns. Core Local Commerce swung from ¥52.4B profit in 2024 to ¥6.9B loss in 2025 — a ¥59B swing driven entirely by subsidy wars.

Gross Transaction Value (GTV) grew double-digits in 2025. The platform's core engine — 770M+ annual transacting users across food delivery, in-store, hotel, travel, and instant retail — is deeply entrenched. Competitors can steal marginal transactions with subsidies, but they can't replicate 14.5M merchant relationships and the delivery fleet infrastructure overnight.

2. Customer & Merchant Concentration

Meituan's "customers" are consumers, and its "suppliers" are merchants — both extremely fragmented. No single restaurant chain, hotel group, or consumer cohort accounts for more than a low single-digit percentage of revenue. This is a structural moat — the platform sits between millions of atomized buyers and sellers, capturing toll-booth economics.

Revenue sources: ~70% from commissions on transactions (food delivery, in-store deals), ~20% from advertising/marketing services to merchants, ~10% from delivery fees and other.

3. The Price War: Who's Attacking and Why It Matters

2025 was the year China's tech giants declared war on Meituan's turf:

CompetitorSegment AttackedWeapon2025 Damage Assessment
Alibaba — Ele.me + Taobao Flash (9988.HK) Food delivery, instant retail Massive subsidies, Taobao user base cross-sell Alibaba's China commerce EBITA dropped ¥86B — they're burning as hard as Meituan. Ele.me share ~28%.
JD.com (9618.HK) Food delivery, instant retail Price matching, rider subsidies, logistics leverage Entry was splashy but short-lived. Meituan acquired JD's food delivery assets — JD essentially surrendered.
Douyin / TikTok China In-store dining, hotel, travel Short-video discovery → coupon → dine. Massive traffic moat. The most existential threat. Douyin's in-store GTV reached ~¥400B in 2025. Meituan matched with short-video features.
Kuaishou (1024.HK) Local services Live-streaming commerce crossover Marginal. Kuaishou's local services push is early-stage.
Didi (DIDIY) Food delivery Existing rider fleet cross-utilization Niche. Limited to select cities.

The dynamic: Ele.me and Douyin are burning capital to buy market share. Meituan is forced to match subsidies to avoid losing users. The result is a classic prisoner's dilemma — everyone spends more on marketing, nobody gains lasting share, all profits evaporate. The key question is who blinks first.

4. Financial Statement Analysis

Income Statement (CNY Billions)

YearRevenueRev GrowthNet ProfitNet MarginS&M / RevenueEPS (¥)
2021179.1+56%−23.5−13.1%22.7%−3.86
2022220.0+22.8%−6.7−3.0%18.1%−1.09
2023276.7+25.8%13.95.0%21.2%2.23
2024337.6+22.0%35.810.6%19.0%5.77
2025364.9+8.1%−23.4−6.4%28.2%−3.76
Q1 202691.0+5.6%−6.8−7.5%~25%−1.09

2021–2023 revenue derived from macrotrends USD data × ~7 CNY/USD. 2024–2025 from Meituan filings.

The profitability cycle is brutal: Meituan took 3 years to go from deep losses to ¥35.8B profit (2024), then one competitive cycle erased it all. The 2025 loss of ¥23.4B on ¥364.9B revenue means every yuan of revenue lost ¥0.06 at the net level — entirely because S&M spending exploded by ¥39B YoY.

But the trajectory is improving. Q1 2026 net loss of ¥6.83B annualizes to ~¥27B — worse than 2025 — but management guided that per-order losses narrowed sequentially. The Q1 operating loss of ¥4.1B (vs ¥17.0B for full-year 2025) suggests the worst quarter is behind.

Balance Sheet

Metric20242025
Cash & Equivalents~¥150B~¥130B
Total Debt~¥47B~¥51–56B
Net Cash~¥103B~¥74–79B
Total Assets~¥300B~¥310B
Book Value~¥165B~¥145B
Debt-to-Equity~30%~57%
Current Ratio~2.0x~1.7x

The balance sheet is the bull case's anchor. Net cash of ¥74–79B after the worst loss year in company history. At the current burn rate (~¥7B/quarter), Meituan has 10+ quarters of cash runway even if losses continue. The company is not at risk of financial distress — it's at risk of value destruction through dilution if the war drags on beyond the cash cushion. The CFO announced a stock buyback at the June 26, 2026 AGM, signaling confidence in intrinsic value.

Valuation

MetricValue
Price (HKD, late June 2026)~65 – 80
52-Week High / Low217 / 56
Market Cap (HKD)~400 – 490B
Trailing P/ENegative (loss-making)
Price / Book~2.5 – 3.0x
Price / Sales (trailing)~1.0 – 1.2x
Enterprise Value~¥300 – 380B
EV / 2024 EBITDA (~¥49B)~7 – 9x
Analyst Consensus TargetHKD 109 (avg); HKD 148 (Fintel)

The stock has collapsed from HKD 217 highs to HKD 65 — a 70% drawdown — despite revenue continuing to grow. At 1.0x trailing sales and ~3x book, the market is pricing in permanent profit destruction. If the price war ends and margins normalize to even 2023 levels (5% net), the stock is deeply undervalued. If losses persist, the cash burn story eventually breaks the balance sheet narrative.

5. Risk Factors

  1. The price war doesn't end. Alibaba (9988.HK) has ~¥500B in cash and is treating food delivery as a strategic must-win for its commerce ecosystem. If Ele.me's backers keep the subsidy spigot open through 2027, Meituan's losses compound and the bull case unravels.
  2. Douyin's in-store disintermediation. Douyin's short-video-to-coupon funnel is structurally different from Meituan's search-based model. If consumer behaviour shifts permanently to discovery-driven dining, Meituan's in-store business becomes less relevant regardless of subsidies.
  3. Regulatory intervention risk. Beijing has signaled opposition to "irrational competition" and "involution" (內捲). Regulatory action could cap subsidies — which would actually help Meituan by levelling the playing field. But regulatory attention on rider welfare (gig economy labour protections) could raise costs structurally.
  4. KeeTa overseas execution. Expanding food delivery to Saudi Arabia, UAE, Brazil, and Kuwait is capital-intensive and culturally different. Hong Kong profitability (29 months) is encouraging, but Saudi promises of profitability by end-2026 are unproven. If KeeTa stalls, it becomes a ¥10B+/year cash drain with no path to value.
  5. Rider and merchant pushback. Meituan's model depends on squeezed riders and margin-pressured restaurants. Any regulatory mandate on rider benefits (minimum wage, insurance, employment classification) structurally raises delivery costs. Similar dynamics in Europe (Deliveroo, Just Eat) have made food delivery persistently unprofitable.
  6. Macro-driven consumer weakness. China's post-COVID consumption recovery has been uneven. Food delivery is somewhat defensive (people still eat), but in-store dining and travel are discretionary — and they're the higher-margin parts of the business.

6. Catalysts

  1. Competition fatigue — the "who blinks first" moment. JD.com already folded (Meituan acquired its food delivery assets). Alibaba's commerce EBITA dropped ¥86B — shareholders will eventually demand an end to the subsidy war. If Ele.me throttles back, Meituan's profitability mechanically returns. This is the single biggest catalyst and it's a matter of when, not if.
  2. Buyback signaling. CFO Chen Shaohui called the stock "significantly underestimated" and announced a buyback plan (June 26, 2026 AGM). At HKD 65, buying back stock is the highest-ROI use of the ¥130B cash pile. Aggressive buybacks through H2 2026 would put a floor under the stock.
  3. KeeTa profitability inflection. Hong Kong profitable (Oct 2025). Saudi Arabia guided to profitability by end-2026. If KeeTa becomes self-funding, the ~¥10B/year overseas investment budget flips from a drag to a growth engine.
  4. Drone delivery scaling. Keeta Drone in Dubai has a BVLOS license. Hesai (HSAI) supplying solid-state lidars for mass production in 2026. If drone delivery achieves unit economics superior to human riders, it resets the cost structure of the entire industry.
  5. AI super-app play. "Xiao Tuan" AI assistant is now fully open. If AI makes local service discovery dramatically better (personalized, conversational, predictive), it's a moat-widener that Douyin can't easily replicate with short videos.
  6. Q1 2026 showed sequential improvement. Total segment operating loss narrowed to ¥4.1B (from ¥17B run-rate). Management guided Q2 to improve further. If the market starts pricing a return to breakeven by Q4 2026, the stock rerates fast.

7. Competitive Landscape

PlayerFood Delivery ShareIn-Store / TravelFinancial PositionStrategic Posture
Meituan (3690.HK)~68–72%LeaderNet cash ¥74B+Defending; pivoting to AI + overseas
Ele.me (Alibaba 9988.HK)~25–28%MinorParent-funded; ¥86B commerce EBITA dropAttacking with subsidies
Douyin (private)<5%Rising fastSelf-funding; massive trafficAttacking in-store with content model
JD.com (9618.HK)ExitedAssets sold to MeituanSurrendered
Kuaishou (1024.HK)<2%Early stageSelf-fundingTesting the water
Dingdong MaicaiAcquired by MeituanAbsorbed

The competitive dynamic is unusual: Meituan is being attacked simultaneously by a cash-rich tech giant (Alibaba) and a content platform with an orthogonal business model (Douyin). The subsidy war with Alibaba is a war of attrition — Meituan wins if it lasts. Douyin is a different threat entirely — it doesn't compete on price, it competes on how consumers discover where to eat.

8. Related Tickers

9. Investment Thesis

🟢 Bull Case — "The Moat Is Real, the Price War Is Temporary"

Meituan at HKD 65 is a distressed valuation on a non-distressed business. 770M users, 14.5M merchants, and a delivery fleet that took a decade to build. Food delivery is a scale game — the largest network wins on unit economics. Alibaba can subsidize Ele.me for a year or two, but shareholders won't tolerate ¥86B annual EBITA destruction forever. JD.com already surrendered. When the subsidy war ends — likely within 12 months — Meituan's profitability mechanically snaps back to 2024 levels (¥35.8B net profit on ¥338B revenue). At a conservative 20x P/E on normalized earnings of ¥35B (~HKD 38B), fair value is ~HKD 120 — nearly double current levels. Add aggressive buybacks (CFO explicitly called the stock undervalued at the June 2026 AGM), KeeTa overseas optionality, and drone delivery upside, and the risk/reward is asymmetric. This is a classic "buy when there's blood in the streets" setup for a company with a genuine moat.

🔴 Bear Case — "The Moat Is Shrinking, and the Price War Never Ends"

The 2025 loss wasn't a one-off — it revealed structural vulnerability. Meituan's business model relies on keeping riders underpaid and merchants commission-squeezed, while charging consumers delivery fees. Every stakeholder is unhappy. Douyin's discovery model is genuinely better for restaurants (lower commissions, content-driven demand creation) and consumers (entertainment + commerce). If the subsidy war ends, Douyin doesn't go away — it keeps taking in-store share organically. Meanwhile, KeeTa's overseas expansion mirrors the same low-margin, high-capex model that hasn't worked for any global food delivery company at scale. Deliveroo, Delivery Hero, and Just Eat all trade at fractions of their IPO prices for a reason. Meituan's ¥130B cash cushion is depleting at ¥25B+/year. At the current burn rate, the balance sheet stops being "rock solid" within 3 years. A value trap: the stock looks cheap on past earnings, but past earnings may not return.


Bottom Line

Meituan at HKD 65 is pricing in permanent impairment of a business that generated ¥35.8B in net profit just two years ago. The moat is real — 770M users, 14.5M merchants, a delivery fleet no competitor can replicate — but it's being tested by a cash-rich attacker (Alibaba) and a model-disruptor (Douyin).

The bull case is a bet that one of the combatants blinks within 12 months, restoring profitability. The bear case is that structural competition — not cyclical subsidy war — permanently compresses margins to zero.

Key signposts to watch: (1) Alibaba commerce EBITA trajectory — if losses narrow, the war is cooling. (2) Meituan quarterly operating loss trajectory — Q1 2026 was ¥4.1B, down from ¥17B annualized; if Q2 shows further improvement, the inflection is real. (3) Douyin in-store GTV growth — if it decelerates, Meituan is winning. (4) KeeTa Saudi profitability — if it hits the end-2026 target, the "overseas cash drain" narrative flips.

Position sizing: This is a high-conviction, high-volatility bet. The downside to HKD 30–40 (if war drags into 2028) is real. The upside to HKD 120–150 (on normalized earnings) is also real. Size accordingly — the trade works best when you can stomach a 40% drawdown on the way to a 100% return.